Roofing or like element



Feb. 16, 1937. 0. A, HEPPES ET AL 2,071,229

ROOFING OR LIKE ELEMENT Original Filed May 20, 1931 INVENTOR ssrse A//esc/fP/w/v.

Orro A HBH/05s.

BMWA@ ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 16, 1937 PATENT OFFICE ROOFING OR LIKE ELEMENT Otto A. Heppes, La Grange, IIL, and Lester Kirschbraun, New York, N. Y., assignors to The Patent and Licensing Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Massachusetts Original application May 20, 1931, Serial No. 538,772. Patent No. 1,989,554, dated January 29, 1935. Divided and this application January 28, 1935, Serial No. 3,854

4 Claims.

Thisrapplication is a division of our copending application Serial No. 538,772, filed May 20, 1931, which, in turn, was a continuation in part of our application Serial No. 320,682 filed November 20, 1928 (Patent No. 1,807,918), the latter in turn being a division of application Serial No. 48,840, led August 7, 1925 (Patent No. 1,722,702).

The invention relates to asphalt shingles f adapted to be laid with others of similar conrial, coated on one or both faces with an adhesive layer of asphalt. In the coating on the upper face of the shingle is partially embedded4 a surface layer of crushed slate, stone, granite or like material having ornamental, wear-resisting and reproong characteristics. f

Since such shingles are of thin construction they present a monotonous or dat appearance when laid on a roof in over apping courses. Moreover, because of the inherent flexibility of such shingles, they are some times subject to curling, and their butt edges are liable to be raised by the wind, allowing rain to beat in under them sc that the appearance and waterproong qualities of the roof 'covering are impaired. Hence, a primary object of the present invention is to provide anasphalt or prepared shingle of a thick butt end construction which will impart an appearance of substantial solidity or thickness to a roof or side wall or other lexposed surface when laid, and which will not be raised by the action of the elements.

A further object of .the invention is to provide a roong element of a type which will promote accurate laying of the same on a roof so that unskilled labor'can be employed.

A roong element embodying the present invention is of stepped or variable thickness construction, the butt end portion being of the greatest thickness, and the upper end portion of least thickness. Between these areas of greatest and least thickness, there may be one or more inter# lmediate areas of intermediate thickness, some of these areas of diiering thickness being defined by more or less pronounced shoulders. According to the invention a rooting element such as a single shingle or side wall unit comprises a base layer of suitable felt saturated with a water-rel pellent compound such as certain kinds of asphalt, pitch or the like. The upper face of the saturated unit is coated with a layer of waterproofing material such as blown or oxidized asphalt which, by reason of its tough and rubbery composition, as Well as its relatively high4 meltingfpoint, forms an effective waterproofing layer, covering the entire upper face of the roofing element.. A layer of grit is embedded in this coating while the latter is still hot andsticky, Upon this layer of oxidized asphalt with grit embedded therein, one or more additional layers are imposed, each successive layer 'extending from the butt edge of the unit to a height less than that of the underlying layer. Thus the shingle is thickest over an area adjacent to the butt edge, the thinnest portion of the shingle being over an area adjacent to the head or top edge. Between these areas of maximum and minimum thickness, there may be one or more intermediate areas forming successive steps and separated by more lor less distinct shoulders.

For a more complete understanding of the invention reference may be had to the disclosure thereof in the description which follows and on the drawing, of which,

Figure l shows in perspective a shingle or unit embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a strip shingle embodying the invention.

Figure 4`is a fragmentary sectional view of a roof or side wall showing how the elements illustrated in Figure 1 may be laid.

The formation of a roong elements embodying the invention is best illustrated in Figure 2 Which shows a saturated sheet I of roofing felt or similar material on which a layer II of oxidized asphalt or equivalent waterproong material extends over the .entire upper face. Partially embedded in the layer II is a layer I2 of grit or other suitable granular material. A second layer I3 of asphalt or the like may be deposited over the layers Il and I2, this layer I3 extending from the butt edge I4 of the roong element part of the( distance to the head of the shingle, leaving a portion of the layer I2 of grit exposed. A second grit layer I5 is partially embedded in the layer I3 and is substantially coextensive therewith. A third layer I6 of waterproofing material may be deposited on the layer I5, the layer I6 extending from the butt edge I4 of the roofing element a lesser distance toward the head of the shingle than the layers I3 and I5. A surface layer I1 of grit is partially embedded in the layer I6. Thus the area covered by the layer I1, adjacentv to the butt edge I4 of the shingle, represents the portion of greatest thickness. The area Cil represented by the exposed portion of the layer I2, adjacent to the head of the shingle, represents the portion of least thickness. As shown in Figure 2, there may be an intermediate area between these two portions which represents a portion of intermediate thickness. By the application of a larger number of successively shorter layers, however, there may be two or more portions of graded intermediate thickness between the portion of greatest thickness and that of least thickness.

Between the portion of greatest thickness, represented by the layer II, and the adjacent portion of intermediate thickness, there may be a well dened shoulder I8 which, as indicated in Figures 1 and 3, may extend parallel to the butt edge I4. In the case of strip shingles such as are illustrated in Figure 3, this shoulder I8 may be approximately in line with the upper ends of the slots 20 which dene shingle-simulating tabs 2l along the lower portion of the strip shingle. Thegure shows the shoulder I8 as located slightly above the upper ends of the slots 20. The shoulder I8 may serve as a definite guide or abutment to receive the butt edges I4 of the roong. elements in the course next above when the shingles are laid upon a roof or side wall. Thus each course may be easily and accurately located without requiring the exercise of the judgment and care required for correct visual aligning with reference marks. As shown in Figure 4, the butt edges I4 of each course of units may be set directly against the shoulder I8 of the course below so that the correct laying of the elements is practically assured.

The provision of at least three layers of coating asphalt and grit, such as are illustrated in Figure 2, ensures a butt edge I4 of suiiicient thickness to present a substantial appearance even when a portion of the butt edge is hidden by the shoulder I8. described provides not only for definitely correct laying even by unskilled labor, but also does so without losing the substantial appearance which results from relatively thick exposed butt edges.

As disclosed in our application resulting in Patent 1,722,702, tiled August '7, 1925, and our other copending applications herein referred to the sheet may be severed longitudinally after the second coating is applied. 'I'he resultant structure is one, therefore, wherein the lower marginal edges of the second layers of coating and grit terminate at the butt edge of the element without covering said edge whereby to provide an unsealed butt edge for the element.

We claim:

1. An individual shingle unit adapted to be laid with other similar units in overlappingy courses, comprising a waterproofed fibrous foundation, a coating of asphalt over the entire area of one face of said unit, a layer of grit partially embedded in said coating, a second narrower layer of asphalt coating overlying the said layer of grit, a second layer of grit partially embedded in said second layer of coating, the upper marginal Thus the roofing element herein edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating short of the first named coating but above the line marking the overlap of units of the next succeeding course, the lower marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating at the butt edge without covering the said edge whereby to provide an unsealed butt edge for the unit.

2. An individual shingle unit adapted to be laid with other similar units in overlapping courses, comprising a waterproofed brous foundation, a coating of asphalt over the entire area of oneface of said unit, a layer of grit partially embedded in said coating, a second narrower layer of asphalt coating overlying the said layer of grit, a second layer of grit partially embedded in said second layer of coating, the upper marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating short of the first named coating but approaching the upper marginal edge of the unit suiiciently to be covered by units of the next succeeding course, the lower marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating at the butt edge without covering the said edge whereby to provide an unsealed butt edge for the unit.

3. A shingle element adapted to be laid with other similar elements in overlapping courses, comprising a waterproofed brous foundation, a coating of asphalt over the entire area of one face of said element, a layer of grit partially embedded in said coating, a second narrower layer of asphalt coating overlying the said layer of grit, a second layer of grit partially embedded in said second layer of coating, the upper marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating short of the rst named coating but above the line marking the overlap of elements of the next succeeding course, the lower marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating at the butt edge of the element without covering said edge whereby to provide an unsealed butt edge for the element.

4. A shingle element adapted to be laid with other similar elements in overlapping courses, comprising a waterproofed ibrous foundation, a coating of asphalt over the entire area of the face of said element to be exposed, a layer of grit partially embedded in said coating, a second narrower layer of asphalt coating Yof substantially uniform'thickness overlying the said layer of grit on the face of said element to be exposed, a second layer of grit partially embedded in said second layer of coating, the upper marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating short of the rst named coating but abovev the line marking theoverlap of elements of the next succeeding course, the lower marginal edge of said second layers of coating and grit terminating at the butt edge without covering the said butt edge, whereby to provide an unsealed butt edge, the bottom face of said element being free from said second asphaltV coating.

OTTOA. HEPPES.

LESTER KIRSCHBRAUN. 

